BAR MEMBERSHIPS
Virginia State Bar
District of Columbia Bar
U.S. Supreme Court
U.S. Courts of Appeals (D.C., 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 9th, 11th, Federal Circuits)
U.S. District Courts (D.C., E.D. Va., Md., N.D. Ga., S.D., Ohio, E.D. Ca., C.D. Ill., E.D. Mich., Ariz.)
U.S. Courts (Claims, Tax, Military Appeals)
EDUCATION
Georgetown University Law Center J.D. 1978
Florida State University Ph.D. Philosophy 1972
Florida State University B.S. Business 1969
EMPLOYMENT
Attorney at Law, Civil Litigation and Criminal Defense, 1978-Present
Assistant Professor of Philosophy - George Mason University, 1980-81; Howard University, 1974-79; Tuskegee Institute, 1972-74
Law Fellow/Coordinator, Barristers' Council, Georgetown University, 1975-77
Instructor of Philosophy, Florida State University, 1970-72
COUNSEL IN REPORTED CASES
U.S. Supreme Court (prevailed in all four cases):
Small v. United States, 544 U.S. 385, 125 S. Ct. 1752, 161 L.Ed.2d 651 (2005) (on brief).
Castillo v. United States, 530 U.S. 120, 120 S.Ct. 2090, 147 L.Ed.2d 94 (2000). Case history: United States v. Branch, 91 F.3d 699 (5th Cir. 1996), cert. denied sub nom., Castillo v. United States, 520 U.S. 1185 (1997), aff'd. after remand, 179 F.3d 321 (5th Cir. 1999), cert. granted, 120 S.Ct. 865 (2000), oral argument: April 24, 2000, final remand, 220 F.3d 648 (5th Cir. 2000). The Supreme Court reversed the Fifth Circuit decisions. Oral argument in the Supreme Court may be heard at http://www.oyez.org/oyez/audio/1233/argument.smil. The announcement of the decision by Justice Breyer may be heard at http://www.oyez.org/oyez/audio/1233/opinion.smil.
Printz v. United States, 521 U.S. 898, 117 S.Ct. 2365, 138 L.Ed.2d 914 (1997), oral argument, 65 U.S.L.W. 3425 (Dec. 17, 1996), rev'g Mack v. United States, 66 F.3d 1025 (9th Cir. 1995), rev'g 856 F.Supp. 1372 (D.Ariz. 1994) and rev'g Printz v. United States, 854 F.Supp. 1503 (D.Mont. 1994). Oral argument in the Supreme Court may be heard in The Supreme Court's Greatest Hits (CD, Northwestern University, 1999), and at the Oyez Project website http://www.oyez.org/oyez/resource/case/835/audioresources.
United States v. Thompson/Center Arms Co., 504 U.S. 505, 112 S.Ct. 2102, 119 L.Ed.2d 308 (1992), aff'g. 924 F.2d 1041 (Fed. Cir. 1991), rev'g 19 Cl.Ct. 725 (1990). Earlier proceeding, Thompson/Center Arms Co. v. Baker, 686 F.Supp. 38 (D.N.H. 1988).
Federal and State Courts:
Baca v. New Mexico Dept. of Public Safety, 132 N.M. 282, 47 P.3d 441 (2002) (Intervenors).
Blaustein & Reich, Inc. v. Buckles, 220 F. Supp.2d 535 (E.D. Va. 2002), aff'd, 365 F.3d 281 (4th Cir. 2004) (Plaintiff).
Brown v. Continental Telephone Co. of Va., Inc., 670 F.2d 1364 (4th Cir. 1982) (Plaintiff).
Coalition of New Jersey Sportsmen v. Whitman, 44 F.Supp.2d 666 (D.N.J. 1999), aff'd 263 F.3d 157 (3d Cir. 2001), cert. denied, 534 U.S. 1039 (2001) (Plaintiffs).
Farmer v. Higgins, 907 F.2d 1041 (11th Cir. 1990), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 1047 (1991) (Plaintiff).
F.J. Vollmer Co., Inc. v. Higgins, 23 F.3d 448 (D.C.Cir. 1994), later proceeding, F.J. Vollmer Co., Inc. v. Magaw, 102 F.3d 591 (D.C.Cir. 1996) (Plaintiff).
Fresno Rifle & Pistol Club, Inc. v. Van de Kamp, 746 F.Supp. 1415 (E.D. Cal. 1990), aff'd 965 F.2d 723 (9th Cir. 1992) (Plaintiffs).
Gilbert Equipment Co., Inc. v. Higgins, 709 F.Supp. 1071 (S.D. Ala. 1989), aff'd 894 F.2d 412 (11th Cir. 1990) (mem.) (Plaintiff).
Gun Owners' Action League, Inc. v. Swift, 284 F.3d 198 (1st Cir. 2002), cert. denied, 537 U.S. 827 (2002) (Plaintiffs).
Intrac Arms International, L.L.C. v. Albright, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 21858 (D.D.C. 1998) (Plaintiff).
Koog/McGee v. United States, 79 F.3d 452 (5th Cir. 1996), cert. denied, United States v. Gonzalez, 521 U.S. 1118, 117 S.Ct. 2507, 138 L.Ed.2d 1011 (1997), rev'g Koog v. United States, 852 F.Supp. 1376 (W.D.Tex. 1994), and aff'g McGee v. United States, 863 F.Supp. 321, earlier proceeding 849 F.Supp. 1147 (S.D.Miss. 1994) (Plaintiffs).
Lomont v. Summers, 135 F. Supp. 2d 23 (D. D.C. 2001), aff'd, 285 F.3d 9 (D.C. Cir. 2002) (Plaintiffs).
National Rifle Ass'n v. Brady, 914 F.2d 475 (4th Cir. 1990), cert. denied, 499 U.S. 959 (1991), later proceeding, National Rifle Ass'n v. Bentsen, 999 F.2d 772 (4th Cir. 1993) (Plaintiffs).
National Rifle Ass'n v. City of South Miami, 774 So. 2d 815 (Fla. 3rd DCA 2000), later proceeding, 812 So. 2d 504 (2002) (Plaintiffs).
National Rifle Ass'n v. Nagin, 2005 WL 2428840 (E.D.La. 2005) (Plaintiffs).
National Rifle Ass'n v. Reno, 216 F.3d 122 (D.C. Cir. 2000), cert. denied, 533 U.S. 928 (2001) (Plaintiffs).
Peoples Rights Organization, Inc. v. City of Columbus, 925 F.Supp. 1254 (S.D. Ohio 1996), aff'd in part and rev'd in part, 152 F.3d 522 (6th Cir. 1998) (Plaintiffs).
Peoples Rights Organization, Inc. v. Montgomery, 142 Ohio App. 3d 443, 756 N.E.2d 127 (2001), appeal denied, 93 Ohio St. 3d 1410, 754 N.E.2d 258 (2001) (Plaintiffs).
Richmond Boro Gun Club, Inc. v. City of New York, 896 F.Supp. 276 (E.D.N.Y. 1995), aff'd 97 F.3d 681 (2nd Cir. 1996) (Plaintiffs).
Robertson v. City of Denver, 874 P.2d 325 (Colo. 1994), appeal after remand, 978 P.2d 156 (Colo. App. 1999) (Plaintiffs).
RSM, Inc. v. Buckles, 94 F. Supp. 2d 692 (D. Md. 2000), rev'd, 254 F.3d 61 (4th Cir. 2001) (Plaintiffs).
Ruiz v. People Express Airlines, 802 F.2d 1508 (4th Cir. 1986), cert. denied, 480 U.S. 934 (1987) (Plaintiffs).
Seegars v. Ashcroft, 297 F. Supp. 2d 201 (D. D.C. 2004), rev’d. in part & aff’d in part, 396 F.3d 1248 (D.C. Cir. 2005), reh. denied, 413 F3d 1 (D.C. Cir. 2005) (with opinions), cert. denied, 126 S.Ct. 1187 (2006) (Plaintiffs).
Sendra Corp. v. Magaw, 111 F.3d 162 (D.C. Cir. 1997) (Plaintiff).
Springfield Armory, Inc. v. City of Columbus, 805 F.Supp. 489 (S.D. Ohio 1992), rev'd 29 F.3d 250 (6th Cir. 1994) (Plaintiffs).
Springfield, Inc. v. Buckles, 116 F. Supp. 2d 85 (D. D.C. 2000), aff'd, 292 F.3d 813 (D.C. Cir. 2002) (Plaintiff).
State v. Denver, 139 P.2d 635 (Colo., argued 12/8/05), oral argument available at mms://www.courts.state.co.us/supctoralarguments/051208_05sa22.wma (Plaintiff).
Taylor v. United States, 848 F.2d 715 (6th Cir. 1988) (Plaintiff).
United States v. Bundy, 392 F.3d 641 (4th Cir. 2004) (Defendant).
United States v. Evans, 712 F.Supp. 1435 (D. Mont. 1989), aff'd 928 F.2d 858 (9th Cir. 1991) (Defendant in District Court).
United States v. Fourteen Various Firearms, 889 F.Supp. 875, later proceeding, 899 F.Supp. 249 (E.D.Va. 1995) (Defendant).
United States v. Hunter, 843 F.Supp. 235 (E.D.Mich. 1994) (Defendant).
United States v. Leasure, 1997 U.S. App. LEXIS 5823 (4th Cir. 1997) (Defendant)
United States v. Rock Island Armory, Inc., 773 F.Supp. 117 (C.D. Ill. 1991), appeal dismissed, No. 91-2595, 1991 WL 224268 (7th Cir. Aug. 13, 1991) (Defendants).
DRAFTED BRIEFS
Commonwealth of Virginia v. United States, No. 3:95v357 (E.D.Va. 1995). Prepared Tenth Amendment portions of Virginia's briefs challenging federal motor voter law.
Kasler v. Lungren, 61 Cal.App.4th 1237, 72 Cal.Rptr.2d 260 (1998), rev'd., Kasler v. Lockyer, 23 Cal.4th 472, 2 P.3d 581 (2000), cert. denied, 531 U.S. 1149 (2001) (with Don Kates).
United States v. Mack, 164 F.3d 467 (9th Cir. 1999) (with Don Kates).
United States v. Twelve Miscellaneous Firearms, 816 F.Supp. 1316 (C.D.Ill. 1993).
AMICUS BRIEFS
Brooks v. State, 128 S.W.3d 844 (Mo. 2004) (National Rifle Association).
Bryan v. United States, 524 U.S. 184 (1998) (National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers).
Dukakis v. U.S. Department of Defense, 686 F.Supp. 30, aff'd 859 F.2d 1066 (1st Cir. 1988), cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1020 (1989).
Harris v. United States, 536 U.S. 545 (2002), (the Cato Institute and National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers).
In re Jorge M., 23 Cal.4th 866, 4 P.3d 297 (2000) (International Wound Ballistics Association).
Kalodimos v. Village of Morton Grove, 470 N.E.2d 266 (Ill. 1984).
Kellogg v. City of Gary, 519 N.E.2d 570 (Ind.App. 1988), rev'd 562 N.E.2d 685 (Ind. 1990).
Mosby v. Devine, 851 A.2d 1031 (R.I. 2004).
Nordyke v. King, 319 F.3d 1185 (9th Cir. 2003), reh. denied, 364 F.3d 1025 (9th Cir. 2004) (National Rifle Association).
Perpich v. U.S. Department of Defense, 880 F.2d 11 (8th Cir. 1989), aff'd, 496 U.S. 334 (1990).
Quilici v. Village of Morton Grove, 695 F.2d 261 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 863 (1983).
State v. McAdams, 714 P.2d 1236 (Wyo. 1986).
United States v. Drasen, 845 F.2d 731 (7th Cir. 1988), cert. denied 488 U.S. 909 (1988).
United States v. Emerson, 270 F.3d 203 (5th Cir. 2001) (Texas Justice Foundation).
United States v. Murphree, 783 F.2d 605 (6th Cir. 1986).
Voting Rights Coalition v. Wilson, 60 F.3d 1411 (9th Cir. 1995), cert. denied, 516 U.S. 1093 (1996). (Prepared portion of Virginia's amicus brief in Ninth Circuit; filed brief for Sheriff Printz in Supreme Court.)
BOOKS
The Swiss and the Nazis: How the Alpine Republic Survived in the Shadow of the Third Reich. Havertown, Pa.: Casemate Publishers; Gloucestershire, UK: Spellmount Ltd., 2006.
Target Switzerland: Swiss Armed Neutrality in World War II. Rockville Center, N.Y.: Sarpedon Publishers, 1998 (hardback); Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2003 (paperback).
Awards for Target Switzerland
Stifung für Abendländische Besinnung (Foundation for Western Thought) prize, Zürich, 9 Nov. 2002, which included publication of booklet STAB-Preis 2002 für Stephen P. Halbrook und Angelo M. Codevilla. "'Kontrapunkt zur Diffamierung der Schweiz': Preisverleihung an Stephen Halbrook und Angelo Codevilla," Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 11.11.2002, Nr. 262, S. 27.
Max Geilinger Foundation prize for works contributing to Swiss and Anglo-American culture, Zürich, May 27, 2000, which including publication of booklet Die Schweiz im Visier. "Auszeichnung für Stephen P. Halbrook: Überreichung des Preises der Max-Geilinger-Stiftung," Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 31. Mai 2000, S. 47.
Translations of Target Switzerland
Die Schweiz im Visier: Die bewaffnete Neutralität im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Verlage Novalis Schaffhausen/Rothenhäusler Stäfa, 1999. 2.Auflage 2000, Novalis Verlag, Schaffhausen.
La Suisse encerclée: La neutralité armée suisse durant la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. Editions Slatkine Genève, 2000.
La Svizzera nel mirino: La neutralità aramata della Svizzera nella seconda guerra mondaile. Coedizione Pedrazzini - Locarno/Alberti - Verbania, 2002.
Cel: Szwajcaria. Warszawa: Dom Wydawniczy Bellona, 2003
Firearms Law Deskbook: Federal and State Criminal Practice. St. Paul, MN: Thomson/West, 2005. Previous editions with annual supplements by Clark Boardman Callaghan/Thomson/West Group, 1995-2004. {Cited as authority in United States v. Coward, 151 F.Supp.2d 544, 544 n.10 (E.D.Pa. 2001).}
Freedmen, the Fourteenth Amendment, and the Right to Bear Arms, 1866-1876. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 1998; Cited as authority in Office of Legal Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, “Whether the Second Amendment Secures an Individual Right” (2004).
That Every Man Be Armed: The Evolution of a Constitutional Right. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1984. Reprinted in 1994, 2000 by Independent Institute, Oakland, Ca. Cited as authority in Printz v. United States, 521 U.S. 898, 939 n.2 (1997) (Thomas, J., concurring); Silveira v. Lockyer, 328 F.3d 567, 577 n.53 (9th Cir. 2003) (Kleinfeld, J., joined by Kozinski, O'Scannlain, & Nelson, dissenting); United States v. Emerson, 46 F.Supp.2d 598, 603-09 (N.D. Tex. 1999); Mosby v. Devine, 851 A.2d 1031, 1052 (R.I. 2004) (Flanders, J., dissenting); State v. Hirsch, 338 Or. 622, 2005 WL 1514317, *19 (2005); Office of Legal Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, “Whether the Second Amendment Secures an Individual Right” (2004).
A Right to Bear Arms: State and Federal Bills of Rights and Constitutional Guarantees. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1989. Cited as authority in Mosby v. Devine, 851 A.2d 1031, 1042 (R.I. 2004); Office of Legal Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, “Whether the Second Amendment Secures an Individual Right” (2004).
Defectless Firearms Litigation (edited, with Michael K. McCabe). Washington, D.C.: NRA-ILA, 1984.
LAW REVIEW ARTICLES AND BOOK CHAPTERS
"Bill of Rights Redivivus: Amendment II," 17 The Champion (Natl. Assn. Criminal Def. Lawyers) 14-20 (Jan./Feb. 1993).
"Citizens in Arms: The Swiss Experience," Texas Review of Law & Politics, vol. 8, Issue 1 (Fall 2003), 142-74. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/citizens-in-arms.pdf. Oral presentation in A Question of Balance, International Symposium on Legal, Economic, and Human Rights Implications of Civilian Firearms Ownership and Regulation, Tower of London, May 1-2, 2003 (DVD available from http://www.jamesswan.com/AQOBsgs.html).
"Congress Interprets the Second Amendment: Declarations by a Co-Equal Branch on the Individual Right to Keep and Bear Arms," 62 Tennessee Law Review 597-641 (Spring 1995). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/congress.PDF.
"Encroachments of the Crown on the Liberty of the Subject: Pre-Revolutionary Origins of the Second Amendment," 15 University of Dayton Law Review, 91-124 (Fall 1989). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/encroachments.PDF.
"European History of 1799 as Seen From the USA," Suworow in der Schweiz: Colloque Souvorov du bicentenaire 1799 - 1999 (Zurich: Thesis, 2001), 162-79.
"Firearms, the Fourth Amendment, and Air Carrier Security," 53 Journal of Air Law and Commerce, 585-680 (1987), reprinted in Serial No. 91, House Judiciary Committee, 100th Cong., 1st Sess., 174-270 (1987).
"The Freedmen's Bureau Act and the Conundrum Over Whether the Fourteenth Amendment Incorporates the Second Amendment," 29 Northern Kentucky Law Review, No. 4, 683-703 (2002). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/fba.PDF.
"Guns, Criminality and Federalism: Supreme Court Curbs Congressional Power; Reins in Courts of Appeals," 20 The Champion 12-15, 34 (June 1996).
"The Jurisprudence of the Second and Fourteenth Amendments," 4 George Mason University Law Review 1-69 (Spring 1981). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/jurisprudence.pdf.
"Military Enforcement of the Drug Laws," in K. and E. Zeese, Drug Law 6-44 through 64 (Clark Boardman Callahan, 1993).
"Military Enforcement of Drug Laws Under the Posse Comitatus Act," 1 Drug Law Report 121-129 (Sept./Oct. 1984).
"Miller versus Texas: Police Violence, Race Relations, Capital Punishment, and Gun-toting," 9 Journal of Law and Policy (Brooklyn Law School), No. 3 , 737-66 (2001) (with Cynthia Leonardatos & David Kopel). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/miller_v_texas.htm.
"Nazi Firearms Law and the Disarming of the German Jews," 17 Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law, No. 3, 483-532 (2000). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/article-nazilaw.pdf. Condensed version: Ch. 9 of Aaron Zelman & Richard W. Stevens, Death by "Gun Control": The Human Cost of Victim Disarmament (Hartford, WI: Mazel Freedom Press, 2002), 75-111.
"NRA and Law Enforcement Opposition to the Brady Act: From Congress to the Courts" (with R. Gardiner), 10 St. John's Jour. of Legal Commentary 13-41 (Fall 1994).
"The Original Understanding of the Second Amendment," in The Bill of Rights: Original Meaning and Current Understanding, ed. E. Hickok (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1991), 117-129. Cited as authority in State v. Hirsch, 177 Ore. App. 441, 446, 34 P.3d 1209, 1211 (2001).
"Personal Security, Personal Liberty, and ‘the Constitutional Right to Bear Arms': Visions of the Framers of the Fourteenth Amendment," 5 Seton Hall Constitutional Law Journal 341-434 (Spring 1995). Abridgement printed in 7 Jour. on Firearms and Public Policy 135-214 (Fall 1995). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/security.PDF.
"Rationing Firearms Purchases and the Right to Keep Arms: Reflections on the Bills of Rights of Virginia, West Virginia, and the United States," 96 West Virginia Law Review, No. 1, 1-83 (Fall 1993). Cited as authority in In re Dailey, 195 W. Va. 330, 342, 465 S.E.2d 601, 613 (1995). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/rationing-firearms.html.
"Redefining a 'Crime' as a Sentencing Factor to Circumvent the Right to Jury Trial: Harris v. United States, Cato Supreme Court Review, 2001-2002 (Washington, D.C.: Cato Institute, 2002), 187-225. http://www.cato.org/pubs/scr/docs/2002/halbrook.pdf.
"Restoring the Tenth Amendment: Printz v. United States," in Robert W. McGee ed., Commentaries on Law & Public Policy. South Orange, N.J.: Dumont Institute for Public Policy Research, 1998.
"The Right of the People or the Power of the State: Bearing Arms, Arming Militias, and the Second Amendment," 26 Valparaiso University Law Review 131-207 (Fall 1991). Abridgement printed in 6 Jour. on Firearms and Public Policy 69-163 (Fall 1994). Cited as authority in United States v. Emerson, 270 F.3d 203, 220 n.12 (5th Cir. 2001). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/power.PDF.
"The Right of Workers to Assemble and to Bear Arms: Presser v. Illinois, One of the Last Holdouts Against Application of the Bill of Rights to the States," 76 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 943-89 (Summer 1999). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/presser.PDF.
"The Right to Bear Arms in Texas," 41 Baylor Law Review, 629-88 (1989). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/texas.PDF.
"The Right to Bear Arms in the First State Bills of Rights: Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Vermont, and Massachusetts," 10 Vermont Law Review 255-320 (1985). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/state-bills.pdf.
"The Right to Keep and Bear Arms Under the Second and Fourteenth Amendments," 5 Journal on Firearms and Public Policy 7-28 (Fall 1993). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/right-to-keep.html.
"'Sau Nazi!' What the Swiss Really Thought of Hitler," Swiss American Historical Society Review, Vol. 37, No. 1, 3-21 (February 2001).
"Second Amendment Symposium - Panelist," 10 Seton Hall Constitutional Law Journal, No. 3, 815-20 (Summer 2000).
"The Second Amendment as a Phenomenon of Classical Political Philosophy," Firearms and Violence: Issues of Regulation, ed. Don B. Kates. Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger Pub. Co., 1984, reprinted in The Militia in 20th Century America, ed. M. Norval (Falls Church, Va. 1985), at 41-65.
"Second-Class Citizenship and the Second Amendment in the District of Columbia," 5 George Mason University Civil Rights Law Journal, Nos. 1 & 2, 105-178 (1995). Cited as authority in Kasler v. Lockyer, 23 Cal.4th 472, 506, 2 P.3d 581 (2000) (Brown, J., concurring). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/citizenship.PDF.
"The Spirit of Resistance: The Swiss ‘Wochenshau' and ‘Armeefilmdienst,'" in Leo Schelbert ed., Switzerland Under Siege, 1939-1945: A Neutral Nation's Struggle for Survival (Rockport, ME: Picton Press, 2000).
"St. George Tucker: The American Blackstone," 32 Virginia Bar News 45-50 (Feb. 1984).
"Suing the Firearms Industry: A Case for Federal Reform?" 7 Chapman Law Review 11-38 (Spring 2004). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/suing.pdf.
"The Swiss Influence on the American Constitution," in Halbrook, Die Schweiz im Visier (Zurich: Max Geilinger-Stiftung 2000), 30-39.
"Tench Coxe and the Right to Keep and Bear Arms, 1787-1823" (with David B. Kopel), 7 William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal, Issue 2, 347-99 (Feb. 1999). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/cox.PDF.
"To Keep and Bear Their Private Arms: The Adoption of the Second Amendment, 1787-1791," 31 Northern Kentucky Law Review 13-40 (1982), reprinted in CONG. REC., 99th Cong., 1st Sess., S9105-9111 (July 9, 1985). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/keep-and-bear.pdf.
"Tort Liability for the Manufacture, Sale, and Ownership of Handguns?" 6 Hamline University Law Review 351-382 (1983). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/tort-liability.PDF.
"Victims and Arms in Classical Legal Philosophy," To Be a Victim: Encounters with Crime and Injustice, eds. Diane Sank and David I. Caplan (New York: Plenum Publishers 1991), at 359-370.
"What the Framers Intended: A Linguistic Analysis of the Right to 'Bear Arms,'" 49 Law and Contemporary Problems 401-412 (1986). Cited as authority in United States v. Emerson, 270 F.3d 203, 220 n.12, 227 (5th Cir. 2001); State v. Hirsch, 338 Or. 622, 658, 114 P.3d 1104, 1124 (2005). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/linguistic-analysis.pdf.
CONGRESSIONAL TESTIMONY AND REPORTS
"Banning Small Metal Firearms and Plastic Firearms," Undetectable Firearms, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Senate Judiciary Committee, 100th Cong., 1st Sess., 57-105 (1987).
"Enforcement of the Second Amendment by Congress: The Intent of the Fourteenth Amendment" and "Supreme Court Cases on the Second Amendment," Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Constitution, Senate Judiciary Committee, 105th Cong. (1998).
"The Fourteenth Amendment and the Right to Keep and Bear Arms: The Intent of the Framers," The Right to Keep and Bear Arms, Report of the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, 97th Cong., 2d Sess., 68-82 (1982). Reprinted in R. Cottrol ed., Gun Control and the Constitution 360-74 (N.Y.: Garland Pub., 1994). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/law_review_articles/14th-amendment.pdf.
"'I Can't Have My Babies Back': Historical and Constitutional Objections to Use of the National Guard in Domestic Law Enforcement" (with David B. Kopel), Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Crime, House Judiciary Committee, Oct. 5, 1994, 29 pp.
"Infringements on the Right to Keep and Bear Arms," Selected Crime Issues: Prevention and Punishment, Hearings before the Subcommittee on Crime and Criminal Justice, House Judiciary Committee, 102nd Cong., 1st Sess., 849-897 (1991).
"Police Surveillance and Temporary Suspension of the Exercise of a Constitutional Right," The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, Hearings before Subcommittee on the Constitution, Senate Judiciary Committee, 101st Cong., 1st Sess., 167-211, 234-36 (1991).
"Prepared Statement," Assault Weapons, Hearing Before the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, 103rd Cong., 1st Sess., 148-56 (1994).
"Prior Restraint, Police Surveillance, and the Purchase of Constitutionally Protected Arms," Subcommittee on Crime, House Judiciary Committee, 100th Cong., 2d Sess. (Feb. 24, 1988); also in Handgun Violence Prevention Act of 1987, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Senate Judiciary Committee, 100th Cong., 2d Sess., 132-156 (1989).
"Prohibition of Firearms as an Infringement on the Right to Keep and Bear Arms, House Judiciary Committee, April 25, 1994, 22 pp.
"The Prohibition of Semiautomatic Firearms and the Right to Keep Arms," Subcommittee on Crime, House Judiciary Committee, April 5-6, 1989, 47 pp.
"Semiautomatic Firearms and the Second Amendment," Assault Weapons, Subcommittee on the Constitution, Senate Judiciary Committee, 101 Cong., 1st Sess., 165-205 (1990).
"Should Congress Regulate Sporting Equipment Used by Martial Artists?" Mailing of Dangerous Martial Arts Weapons, Senate Judiciary Committee, U.S. Senate, 99th Cong., 1st Sess., 56-81 (1986).
"Testimony," Federal Licensing Procedures for Importing and Selling Firearms, Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, 103d Cong., 1st Sess., 31, 43-48 (1993).
"Testimony on Proposed Bans on Miniature, Unrecognizable and Nonmetal Firearms," Firearms Which Escape Detection at Airport Security Checkpoints, Subcommittee on Crime, House Judiciary Committee, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. 138-270, 292-302 (1987).
"Unconstitutional Features of the D.C. Strict Liability Act," Hearings on Gun Liability Amendments to H.R. 3709, House Committee on the District of Columbia, 102nd Cong. (Nov. 21, 1991), 44 pp.
"A Waiting Period for Handgun Purchases as an Infringement on the Right to Keep and Bear Arms," House Judiciary Committee, 103rd Cong., 1st Sess. (Sept. 30, 1993), 30 pp.
"Waiting Periods and Police Scrutiny for Exercise of Constitutional Rights," Subcommittee on the Constitution, Senate Judiciary Committee, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. (June 16, 1987), 19 pp.
SHORT ARTICLES
"Afraid to Trust the People With Arms," 7 The Free Market, No. 6, 2, 5 (June 1989), reprinted in The Economics of Liberty, ed. L. Rockwell (Ludwig von Mises Institute 1990).
"An American's View of How the Swiss Coped with the Crisis in the 1990s," Wir Ziehen Bilanz: Zur Auseinandersetzung um die Haltung der Schweiz im Zweiten Weltkrieg (Stäfa: Th. Gut Verlag, Zürichsee Presse AG, 2005), 154-73. Also in La Suisse au pilori? Témoignages et bilan à la suite du Rapport Bergier (Edition Cabédita, Yens-sur-Morges 2006).
"An Armed Society," American Guardian, Jan. 1998, 40-43, 57-58.
"Anatomy of a Lie," America's 1st Freedom, October 2001, 24-29, 52-53.
"Another Look at the Brady Law," Washington Post, Oct. 8, 1994, A18. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/brady-law.html.
"Armed and Free," Soldier of Fortune, December 1994, 6.
"Armed to the Teeth, and Free," Wall Street Journal Europe, June 3, 1999. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/guns-crime-swiss.html.
"'Arming America' or Disarming Reality?" 149 American Rifleman 69 (January 2001).
"The Arms of All the People Should Be Taken Away," 137 American Rifleman 26-29, 76-77 (March 1989). http://www.nraila.org/Issues/Articles/Read.aspx?ID=9.
"Attorney General Ashcroft & the Second Amendment," http://www.nraila.org/media/misc/halbrookresp.htm.
"BATF vs. Supreme Court," 144 American Rifleman 4 (Apr. 1996).
"Bear Arms and Go to Jail," Part A1 of We The People: Community Forums on the Constitution, American Bar Association Commission on Public Understanding About the Law (1987), 14 pp.
"Bearing Arms is a Right," San Antonio Express-News, April 16, 1991, 9-A.
"The Bush Administration and the Second Amendment," ALEC Policy Forum, vol.4, no.2, 42-45 (Summer/Fall 2002).
"Can the First Amendment Survive a Ban on Tobacco Advertising?" American Voices 409-15 (New York 1987).
"The Darker Side of Gun Control," National Law Journal, May 24, 2004, 39. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/darker-side.html.
"Das Nazi-Waffengesetz und die Entwaffnung der deutschen Juden," Allgemeine Schweizerische Militärzeitschrift, Nr. 12, Dezember 2001, 8-11.
"Debating the Second Amendment Point: The Constitution protects each American's right to own a firearm," San Diego Union Tribune, May 19, 2002, G1, 6. http://www.independent.org/newsroom/article.asp?ID=420.
"Deconstructing the Second Amendment," posted by Newsmax.com, http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2000/11/3/220439.shtml (Nov. 3, 2000).
"Der freie Bürger und sein Recht, eine Waffe zu tragen," Schweizerzeit, 21. Februar 2003, 5.
"Die Fehler der Vereiningten Statten vermeiden," Neue Zürcher Zeitung, March 4, 1997, 18.
"Die Schweiz -- immer auf Seiten der Freiheit," STAB-Preis 2002 für Stephen P. Halbrook und Angelo M. Codevilla (Stiftung für Abendländische Besinnung Zürich, 2002), 27-33.
"Die Schweiz im Visier," Neue Zürcher Zeitung, April 23, 2003, S. 14. http://nzz.gbi.de/NZZ.ein.
"Does the United States Need a National Database for Ballistic Fingerprints?" Insight Magazine, Vol. 18, Issue 41, Nov. 26, 2002, http://www.independent.org/newsroom/article.asp?id=161.
"Eine kleine Gruppe spielt alles hoch: Stephen P. Halbrook über Stuart Eizenstat," Die Weltwoche, Nr. 51/52, 19 Dezember 2002, S. 9-10. weltwoche.ch, Ausgabe 51/02. http://www.weltwoche.ch/artikel/default.asp?AssetID=3932&CategoryID=60.
"Emerson's Second Amendment," 2001. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/emerson-article.html.
"Fear and Loathing Out West," 12 The Environmental Forum 41-42 (Sept./Oct. 1995).
"Firearms: On Trial in Germany," NRA Action, 3 (August 1992).
"Framers Didn't Want National Police Force," National Law Journal, Jan. 17, 1994, 14. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/framers.html.
"Girl Beats Guys: A Swiss Teen Rifle Festival; Das Zürcher Knabenschiessen," Schiessen Schweiz, Nov. 25, 2004, 18-19. Also in Women's Outlook, Feb. 2006, 57, 63. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/swiss_teen_rifle_festival.html.
"Gun Control is not Constitutional," in Henny H. Kim ed., Guns and Violence (San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999), 109-112.
"Gun Laws," 2 Libertarian Forum, No. 20, 4-6 (Oct. 15, 1970).
"Guns and Prohibition, in Al Capone's Day and Now," Wall Street Journal, April 11, 1989, A22. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/guns&prohibition.html.
"Guns and Rights," USA Today, May 16, 1990, 11A.
"In the Shadow of William Tell," Guns, September 1997, 20, 22.
"It Started in Kentucky . . . Our First Gun Law," Gun Digest 52-55, ed. K. Warner (DBI Books 1986).
"Kontraproduktiv! Das Geplante Schweizer Waffenrecht Aus Der Sicht Eines Amerikaners," Deutsches Waffen-Journal, May 1997, 772-73.
"Letter from Prague," Chronicles 33-35 (Jan. 1995).
"Martial Arts Injuries," (with R.B. Birrer, M.D.), 16 American Journal of Sports Medicine 408-410 (1988).
"Martial Arts Weapons Injuries," 24 Black Belt 70-74, 98-102 (June 1986).
"Massachusetts Target Censorship Violates the First Amendment," The Message, Aug. 1999, 8.
"National Rifle Association," 2 Violence in America: An Encyclopedia, ed. Ronald Cottesman (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1999), 436-38.
"No Controlling Legal Authority," America's 1st Freedom, Nov./Dec. 2000, 14.
"The People Retain the Right to Arm Themselves," National Law Journal, May 27, 1996, A14. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/people-retain-right.html.
"Personal Liberty Guarantee," Washington Times, May 21, 1995.
"'Printz' Will Have Effect on U.S. Gun Legislation," National Law Journal, Aug. 18, 1997, A18. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/printz-legislation.html.
"Product Liability Law," 131 American Rifleman 34-35, 71 (May 1983).
"Registration: The Nazi Paradigm," American Rifleman 52-55, 91 (June 2001). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/registration_article/registration.html. Portuguese-language version: "Repressão Nazista dos Donos de Armas." http://desarmamento.tripod.com/articles/stephen_halbrook1.html.
"Reports of the Death of the Second Amendment Have Been Greatly Exaggerated: The Emerson Decision," November 19, 2001, http://www.independent.org/tii/news/011119Halbrook.html.
"Restoring the Second and Tenth Amendments," LEAA Advocate, Summer-Fall 1997, 70-72.
"Rewriting the Second Amendment," American Rifleman, October 2001, 48-49, 88-89. http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/rewriting.html.
"The Right to Bear Arms Isn't Just for Militias," National Law Journal A22 (Oct. 9, 1995). http://www.stephenhalbrook.com/articles/arms-militias.html.
"The Right of the People to Keep and Bear Arms," The Message (Northborough, MA), July 1999, 5-6.
"The Right to Bear Arms," 78 SAR Magazine (Sons of the American Revolution) 14-15 (Summer 1983).
"Right to Bear Arms," 3 Violence in America: An Encyclopedia, ed. Ronald Cottesman (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1999), 48-52.
"2nd Amendment: A Right to Own Arms?" USA Today, Nov. 20, 1991, 11A.
"Second Amendment: Post-Sniper Policy," National Law Journal, Nov. 11, 2002, A17.
"The Second Amendment Stands," USA Today, January 16, 1991, 8A.
"Semiautomatic Article Draws BATF Response," 136 American Rifleman 34-35 (Dec. 1988).
"Supreme Court Sides with Gun Owners," American Rifleman 46-48, 90-91 (August 1992).
"Swiss Mess: Homeland defense, the wrong way" (with Dave Kopel & Carlo Stagnaro), National Review Online (October 30, 2001). http://www.nationalreview.com/kopel/kopel103001.shtml.
"Swiss Schuetzenfest," American Rifleman, 46-47, 74-75 (May 1993).
"Switzerland, Gun Laws," Guns in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law, Gregg Lee Carter ed. (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002), 569-72.
"Switzerland and Its Armed Citizenry," Chronicles 38-40 (Jan. 1998).
"Switzerland's Feldschiessen," Gun Digest 20-26 (1996/50th Annual Edition).
"Terror Law Trap for Gun Owners?" Washington Times, Mar. 14, 1996, A19.
"To Bear Arms for Self-Defense," 132 American Rifleman 28-29, 67-68 (Nov. 1984).
"To Keep and Bear Arms," The Republic (Columbus, IN), May 19, 1995. http://www.independent.org/newsroom/article.asp?ID=345.
"To Trust the People with Arms," New Federalist Papers, No. 117 and 118, Public Research Syndicated (published in affiliated newspapers Aug. 1985).
"The War Against Semi-Automatics," 136 American Rifleman 40-41, 80 (June 1988).
"Were the Founding Fathers in Favor of Gun Ownership?" Washington Times, Nov. 5, 2000, B5. http://www.independent.org/newsroom/article.asp?ID=251. Spanish-language version: http://www.elindependent.org/articulos/article.asp?id=251.
"Where Kids and Guns Do Mix," Wall Street Journal, June 10, 1999, A26. Spanish-language version: "Donde los Niños las Armas se Entremezclan," http://www.elindependent.org/articulos/article.asp?id=347.
"Why Switzerland?" Current Concerns, April 2000, 3-4.
"The World's Largest Rifle Shooting Match: Switzerland 1995," The 1996 Precision Shooting Annual (Manchester, CT: Precision Shooting, Inc., 1996).
ARTICLES FEATURING
"Halbrook, Stephen P.," Guns in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law, Gregg Lee Carter ed. (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002), 277-81.
"Motor-Voter Foes Find Ally in Fairfax Lawyer," Washington Post, Aug. 24, 1995, Fairfax Weekly, 1, 3.
John Gleeson, “Recoil from Evil: U.S. Spurned Gun Registration as Hitler’s Handy Tool,” Winnipeg Sun, Aug. 20, 2004. http://www.canoe.ca/NewsStand/Columnists/
Winnipeg/John_Gleeson/2004/08/20/592781.html.
“Nelson County Blues: The New Proving Ground for Hunters’ Rights,” Free Hunters, Jan. 2005, 33. http://www.freehunters.org/article.aspx?id=365.
"The 2nd Amendment," Wall Street Journal, May 25, 1999, A1, 13.
"Stephen P. Halbrook," in Marjolijn Bijlefeld, People For and Against Gun Control: A Biographical Reference (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1999), 105-10.
"10th Amendment's Hired Gun," Legal Times, June 19, 1995, 1, 12-13.
LECTURES AND TALKS
American Bar Association, National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Fairfax Bar Association, U.S. Congress Constitutional Forum, Heritage Foundation, Federalist Society, Cato Institute, American Enterprise Institute.
Law Schools: Georgetown University, University of Virginia, American University, University of Richmond, St. Johns University, Touro University, Valparasio University, University of Arizona, George Mason University, University of Maine, Stetson University, St. Thomas University, University of Iowa, Chapman University, George Washington University, University of Arkansas, University of Denver, Wake Forest University, William Mitchell College, Hamline University, University of St. Thomas, City University of New York, Texas Wesleyan University, Southern Methodist University, University of Texas, Baylor University.
Phil Donahue Show, Court TV, Voice of America, numerous TV/radio shows.
Secret Passages: Episode 5 (Jaffe Productions), broadcast on History Channel (May 2002) (commentary on Swiss Alpine fortifications).
AFFILIATIONS AND COMMITTEE SERVICE
Committee on Hearings, National Rifle Association
Ethics Forum, Fairfax Hospital Association
Fellow, Independent Institute, Oakland, CA
Public Information Committee, Virginia State Bar
CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION SEMINARS TAUGHT (selected)
"Constitutional Law: To the Supreme Court and Beyond," National Firearms Law Seminar, Orlando, April 25, 2003.
"Federal Constitutional Law Update," National Firearms Law Seminar, Houston, April 15, 2005.
"Federal Firearms Law Issues" and "Counseling Clients in Illegal Possession of Firearms," Firearms Law in Tennessee, Lorman Educational Services, Nashville, May 12, 2005.
"Firearms Law and the Second Amendment Symposium," George Mason University Law School, Arlington, VA, Sept. 24, 2005.
"Habeas Corpus and the Rights of Firearms Owners," National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Washington, D.C., May 21, 1996.
"Jury Nullification," American Bar Association, Washington, D.C., March 31, 1997.
"Litigating Firearms Law Cases in the Supreme Court," National Firearms Law Seminar, Charlotte, May 19, 2000.
"The Right to Bear Arms," Kentucky Bar Association Annual Convention, Covington, June 16, 2006.
"The Second Amendment and the Right to Bear Arms," American Bar Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, August 11, 1991.
"Second Amendment Update" and "Zealous Representation Without the Bounds of the Law," National Firearms Law Seminar, June 11, 1999.
"State and Federal Constitutional Issues Related to Firearms Law," Firearms Law in Virginia, Virginia CLE, Richmond, June 23, 2005.
"Suing the Firearms Industry," Consumer Law Symposium, Chapman University Law School, Jan. 30, 2004.
"The Supreme Court and Second Amendment Litigation," National Firearms Law Seminar, Milwaukee, May 19, 2006.
"The Supreme Court and the Second Amendment" and "Suppression of Exculpatory Evidence: the Waco Prosecution," First Annual Firearms Law Seminar, Philadelphia, June 5, 1998.
"Supreme Court Update" and "Ethical Issues: Candor Toward the Tribunal," National Firearms Law Seminar, Reno, April 26, 2002.
"What is a Non-Frivolous, Good Faith Argument for the Reversal of Existing Law?" and The Supreme Court's Apprendi-Castillo Decisions and the Right to Jury Trial," National Firearms Law Seminar, Kansas City, May 18, 2001.
